Somaclonal Variation in Linum usiatissimum L. (Flax and Linseed)

Courduries, Pascal (1993) Somaclonal Variation in Linum usiatissimum L. (Flax and Linseed). MSc(R) thesis, University of Glasgow.

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Abstract

A study was undertaken to establish in vitro tissue culture systems for the production of callus, cell suspensions and regenerant plants from a selection of linseed and fibre flax cultivars. Reliable, prolific plant regeneration (25-60 % regeneration) was achieved from callus derived from the linseed cultivars Norlin and Linda; however, regeneration from fibre flax cultivars (Berber, Lidia, Natasja and Saskia) was lower (3-20%). In the production and regeneration of the cultivars in vitro, hypocotyl explants were grown on MS (Murashige & Skoog) medium supplemented with benzyladenine (BA) at 1 mg/l, napthaleneacetic acid (NAA) at 0.02 mg/l and 2.5 % sucrose. Regeneration was induced by transferring the calli to a MS medium supplemented with 1 mg/l of BA. Rooting was aided by the addition of 175 mug/l indole-3-acetic acid (1AA) to MS basal salts medium. The regenerant (Ro) plants thus produced displayed a range of somaclonal variation in terms of leaf shape, seed and flower colour, stem habit and flower sterility. Sufficient quantities of Ro's were produced from the linseed cultivar Norlin for replicated field trials of the R1's and R2's to be established and agronomic traits compared. Suspension cultures initiated from callus cultures were difficult to establish especially of the linseed cultivars. The maximum regeneration obtained from a fibre flax cultivar (Saskia) was 6.0%, about one tenth of the level achieved with callus-based regeneration of Norlin (linseed). The callus- based system was also used to select regenerants (Ro's) following the in vitro stress of a sterile, crude culture filtrate derived from the pathogen Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lini. Putative Fusarium-reslsiani somaclones were screened in vivo in the glasshouse for resistance to two isolates of F. oxysporum f.sp. lini; however, only one of the 15 somaclones showed equivalent or improved resistance to the pathogen compared to the parent cultivar (Norlin). In field trials conducted over two seasons, 47 R1 (plants derived from the Ro generation) and 20 R2 somaclonal lines (plants produced from the R1 generation) were compared to the parent cultivar Norlin for quantitative characters. Irrespective of the genotype, traits in the R1's and R2's were assessed on the basis of regression analysis as showing heritabilities of between 28 % and 64 %. Generally, the somaclonal variation assessed during these early generations revealed some detrimental traits, e.g. lower seed yield than the parent (control) cultivar and reduced 1000 seed weights, but a few of the lines were identified which had early or late flowering dates, improved seed yield and increased 1000 seed weights. It is concluded that somaclonal variation could be of value as an adjunct to the classical breeding of linseed.

Item Type: Thesis (MSc(R))
Qualification Level: Masters
Additional Information: Adviser: G Marshall
Keywords: Plant sciences
Date of Award: 1993
Depositing User: Enlighten Team
Unique ID: glathesis:1993-75976
Copyright: Copyright of this thesis is held by the author.
Date Deposited: 19 Nov 2019 17:09
Last Modified: 19 Nov 2019 17:09
URI: https://theses.gla.ac.uk/id/eprint/75976

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