Steady state modelling and analysis of flexible AC transmission systems

Fuerte Esquivel, Claudio Rubén (1997) Steady state modelling and analysis of flexible AC transmission systems. PhD thesis, University of Glasgow.

Abstract

As electric utilities move into more competitive generation supply regimes, with limited scope to expand transmission facilities, the optimisation of existing transmission corridors for power transfer becomes of paramount importance. In this scenario, Flexible AC Transmission System (FACTS) technology, which aims at increasing system operation flexibility, appear as an attractive alternative.
Many of the ideas upon which the foundations of FACTS rest were conceived some time ago. Nevertheless, FACTS as a single coherent integrated philosophy is a newly developed
concept in electrical power systems which has received the backing of the major manufacturers of electrical equipment and utilities around the world. It is looking at ways of
capitalising on the new developments taking place in the area of high-voltage and highcurrent power electronics in order to increase the control of the power flows in the high
voltage side of the network during both steady state and transient conditions, so as to make the network electronically controllable.
In order to examine the applicability and functional specifications of FACTS devices, it is
necessary to develop accurate and flexible digital models of these controllers and to upgrade most of the software tools used by planners and operators of electric power systems. The aim of this work is to develop general steady-state models FACTS devices, suitable for the analysis of positive sequence power flows in, large-scale real life electric power systems.Generalised nodal admittance models are developed for the Advance Series Compensator
(ASC), Phase Shifter (PS), Static Var Compensator (SVC), Load Tap Changer (LTC) and
Unified Power Flow Controller (UPFC). In the case of the ASC, two models are presented, the Variable Series Compensator (VSC) and the Thyristor Controlled Series CapacitorFiring Angle (TCSC-F A). An alternative UPFC model based on the concept of Synchronous Voltage Source (SVS) is also developed. The Interphase Power Controller (IPC) is modelled by combining PSs and VSCs nodal admittance models.
The combined solution of the power flow equations pertaining to the FACTS devices
models and the power network is described in this thesis. The set of non-linear equations is
solved through a Newton-Rapshon technique. In this unified iterative environment, the
FACTS device state variables are adjusted automatically together with the nodal network
state variables so as to satisfy a specified nodal voltage magnitudes and specified power
flows.
Guidelines and methods for implementing FACTS devices and their adjustments within the Newton-Rapshon algorithm are described. It is shown that large increments in the
adjustments of FACTS devices and nodal network state variables during the backward substitution may dent the algorithm's quadratic convergence. Suitable strategies are given which avoid large changes in these variables and retain the Newton-RapshRapshon method's
quadratic convergence.
The influence of initial conditions of FACTS devices state variables on the iterative process is investigated. Suitable initialisation guidelines are recommended. Where appropriate, analytical equations are given to assure good initial conditions.

• Item Type: Thesis (PhD)
• Qualification Level: Doctoral
• Subjects: T Technology > T Technology (General)
• Colleges/Schools: College of Science and Engineering > School of Engineering
• Supervisor's Name: Acha, Prof. Enrique
• Date of Award: 1997
• Depositing User: Mrs Marie Cairney
• Unique ID: glathesis:1997-4616
• Copyright: Copyright of this thesis is held by the author.
• Date Deposited: 04 Oct 2013 12:49
• Last Modified: 11 Oct 2013 08:30
• URI: https://theses.gla.ac.uk/id/eprint/4616