Multiscale and numerical simulation of cancer hyperthermia based on magnetic nanoparticles delivery

Al Sariri, Tahani Mohammed Sulaiman (2023) Multiscale and numerical simulation of cancer hyperthermia based on magnetic nanoparticles delivery. PhD thesis, University of Glasgow.

Abstract

Cancer is one of the primary causes of death worldwide. The hyperthermia cancer treatment which is used nowadays is very harmful, because it destroys both tumorous and healthy cells at the same time. Magnetic nanoparticles with different sizes and materials are used to improve cancer hyperthermia and minimize its side effects by localizing the heat within the tumour only. These particles destroy both the cancer and tumour cells by transforming the energy of the magnetic field to heat. The purpose of this thesis is to study the heat distribution in the tumour, which in turn helps to find the optimal hyperthermia treatment. Also, we aim to study the interaction between the tumour and surrounding tissues.
In this thesis we derive new systems of homogenised partial differential equations (PDEs) describing blood transport, delivery of nanoparticles, and heat transport to investigate cancer hyperthermia driven by the application of the magnetic field applied to nanoparticles. We assume that the particles are injected into the tumour vessels and then they extravasate to the tumour interstitial space if they are sufficiently small to be transported through the pores of the vascular walls. Otherwise, the adhesion between the particles and vessels’ wall is to be considered as a primary transport mechanism, and the particles cannot be transported from the vessels to the tumour interstitium. We study the influence of vessels’ geometry as the tumour vessels are not regular and their tortuosity varies within the tumour. In addition, we investigate the effect of various injection conditions on the temperature maps. The temperature should be above 42◦C to destroy cancer cells but for at most two hours to avoid heating the surrounding healthy tissue. We determine the best magnetic intensity, injection time, wall shear rate, and concentration of nanoparticles to achieve the above-mentioned condition. To investigate the relation between the tumour and the surrounding healthy tissue and the impact of the magnetic field on the fluid flow, we derive a new system of homogenised differential equations which expresses the fluid flow of the tumour that interacts with surrounding healthy tissue and influenced by a non homogeneous magnetic force. The latter is obtained starting from the previously derived differential equations which in this context represents the mesoscale differential equations. We exemplify the results for the case of a homogenous magnetic force that is applied in the direction of the mesoscale cylindrical tumour region.

• Item Type: Thesis (PhD)
• Qualification Level: Doctoral
• Additional Information: Supported by funding from the Ministry of Higher Education, and Sultan Qaboos University.
• Subjects: Q Science > QA Mathematics
• Colleges/Schools: College of Science and Engineering > School of Mathematics and Statistics
• Supervisor's Name: Penta, Dr. Raimondo and Simitev, Professor Radostin
• Date of Award: 2023
• Depositing User: Theses Team
• Unique ID: glathesis:2023-83398
• Copyright: Copyright of this thesis is held by the author.
• Date Deposited: 02 Feb 2023 11:12
• Last Modified: 02 Feb 2023 14:03
• Thesis DOI: 10.5525/gla.thesis.83398
• URI: https://theses.gla.ac.uk/id/eprint/83398

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